A team of physicists has published peer-reviewed G2Reader / kenmay /
A team of physicists has published peer-reviewed G2Reader / kenmay /
It’s no longer far-fetched to synthesize a basic organism . However, a team of researchers has taken that work one step further. They recently reconstituted and reanimated an extinct virus, horsepox, using DNA they’d ordered via mail. The team stitched together multiple gene fragments (each with about 30, 000 base pairs) into the complete 212, 000-pair horsepox genome and inserted it into cells already infected with a different pox, bringing the inanimate virus to life. It’s clever work, especially given the relative complexity of a pox virus compared to earlier efforts, but it’s also a double-edged sword — it could at once provide a breakthrough in medical research and pose a potential threat. As odd as it sounds, reviving the virus would most likely be helpful. The pharmaceutical company Tonix funded the work in hopes of using the relatively benign horsepox as a transport method for a more effective smallpox vaccine. It would also let scientists use other viruses for fighting diseases, such as introducing cancer-fighting systems using the vaccinia virus. If you could generate the necessary viruses on demand, it’d be that much easier to prevent or defeat illnesses that might otherwise have free rein. The threat, as you might guess, comes from the ease of synthesizing a virus. The horsepox strain in question isn’t a threat to humans or even horses, but it might only take the right genetic know-how, several months’ work and a relatively modest shopping budget (this group spent $100, 000) to do the same for a dangerous virus. A hostile nation or extremist group could theoretically engineer a virus and spark an outbreak in a rival country. It’s not extremely likely — they’d need access to both the DNA and corrupt scientists, and would have to take the risk that they might accidentally infect their own people. It’s not impossible, though, and it’s that risk which might prevent further work. Nature and Science have refused to publish the relevant research paper because they’re worried about the “dual-use” potential for the findings. They don’t want to help create a bioweapon , after all. The researchers say their paper deliberately avoids providing so much information that newcomers could create their own viruses, though, and there are concerns that denying the paper might be stifling crucial progress. For better or for worse, this discovery may end up sitting in limbo for a long time. Via: STAT , Reddit Source: Science
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Scientists revive an extinct virus using off-the-shelf DNA
Last year, Dropbox introduced an interesting new feature called Project Infinite , which promised to let you view and access all of your files, whether they’re on your hard drive or in the cloud. The idea here is that all your files will appear right there in your desktop, and you can view and make changes to them without having to launch Dropbox’s web interface. Several months later and Project Infinite has left its beta state. Now, it’s called SmartSync, and it’ll be available to all Dropbox Business users starting today. A particularly useful highlight of SmartSync is that it’ll work on both Windows and Mac (backwards compatible with Windows 7 and up, or Mac OS X 10.9 and higher). Rob Baesman, Dropbox’s head of product, says that this cross-platform and backwards compatible system is an “industry first.” “You’re free to collaborate with whoever you want, ” he said. “You don’t have to think about space the same way you did in the past.” Another Dropbox product that’s finally making its public debut is Paper , which has been in beta for almost two years. A Google Docs replacement of sorts, Paper is touted as an online collaboration tool with several other office-centric features thrown in. You can create a to-do list and assign them to team members, set due dates, organize content by projects, and of course do all the usual writing and editing too. A few months ago, Dropbox released mobile app versions of Paper for Android and iOS , which lets you do all of this on-the-go. As part of its general launch, Dropbox is introducing a few new features to Paper too. There’s Presentation Mode, a “Smart Meeting Notes” feature that sends everyone at a meeting the same document (provided you hooked Paper up to your Google Calendar), plus general usability improvements like improved search and better accessibility for screen readers. The company is also working on mobile offline capability in the coming months. While SmartSync won’t be available to general users just yet, Paper is open to everyone with a Dropbox account starting today. It’ll be available in 21 different languages.
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Dropbox SmartSync lets you collaborate across Mac and Windows PCs
We used to think of Pluto a remote frigid rock, but since the New Horizons visit, it’s vying for the title of the solar system’s most interesting (ex-) planet. An earlier study showed that its core is warm enough to support a liquid water ocean, and now we’ve learned that it might be huge — at least 100 km (62 miles) deep. The evidence, according to the team from Brown University, comes from a likely impact with massive asteroid. Pluto’s most significant feature is the Sputnik Planam , a heart-shaped crater formed by an impact with an object up to 200 km (125 miles) across. Normally, such a crater would create a “negative mass anomaly, ” or a gouged-out hole with less heft than the terrain around it. However, “that’s not what we see with Sputnik Planum, ” says Brown University geologist Brandon Johnson. Instead, the region unexpectedly has more weight than scientists expect. They know that because of Charon, Pluto’s moon. Like ours, it’s tidally locked with Pluto and always shows the same face to the planet. Interestingly, the Sputnik Planum sits right on the tidal axis, suggesting that there’s more mass in that area. “As Charon’s gravity pulls on Pluto, it would pull proportionally more on areas of higher mass, which would tilt the planet until Sputnik Planum became aligned with the tidal axis, ” the paper states. A closeup of the Sputnik Planum impact crater So why would a crater area be so heavy? The researchers theorize that when a large body impacted Pluto, it created a trampoline effect, drawing material near the core toward the surface. If that material was liquid water, “it may have welled up following the Sputnik Planum impact, evening out the crater’s mass, ” the paper says. Nitrogen ice later filled in the crater to give it extra weight, resulting in a positive mass anomaly. For the simulation to be accurate, the liquid water below the surface must be at least 100km thick with 30 percent salinity. That might seem impossible on a planet with a surface temperature of 44K (-380 F). However, scientists think that radiation heating at the core of the planet and the 300km (200 mile) thick insulating ice shell makes liquid water feasible, in theory. “It’s pretty amazing to me that you have this body so far out in the solar system that still may have liquid water, ” says Johnson. Via: Phys Org Source: Brown University
It’s been almost a year since Dropbox formally introduced Paper , its vision for a collaborative workplace regardless of whether you’re a project manager, coder, designer or any other kind of employee. It’s been in closed beta since then, and we haven’t heard much of how the tool has progressed, but today that’s changing. Dropbox is announcing that the Paper beta is now open to anyone, and the company is also launching dedicated Paper apps for iOS and Android. Both the apps and a variety of new features Dropbox added to Paper come at the request of users; the company says it has been listening very carefully to feedback throughout the beta process and has implemented the top requests. For the web version of Paper, that includes enhanced table features, improve photo galleries and new notifications that are rolled into the Dropbox desktop app. The changes to tables are pretty straightforward. You can now make them the full width of your document or constrain them to a smaller space if you don’t want them to cover the entire screen. You can also resize the width of your columns, and Dropbox made it easier to add and delete cells. I hesitate to truly call these “new” features; they’re more like table stakes for any kind of spreadsheet, even a basic tool like Paper’s tables. Paper’s improved image galleries are similarly basic. It’s a lot easier to drag and drop images around to rearrange and resize them into a gallery — it’s kind of like the way Tumblr handles posts with multiple images. What’s more notable is that you can now comment on a single image at a time rather than just leaving a comment for the entire group. Again, a pretty simple feature that’s necessary for Paper to truly make a mark as a collaboration tool, but it’s good to see it in place as the open beta is launched. The last new feature for the web is a bit of a bigger deal, as Paper’s notification system has been revamped. You have always been able to “@” message peope in your organization who are using Dropbox and Paper, and now a new notification center collects all comments made on documents you’ve started. It’ll also keep track of any time someone pings you with an @ mention or replies to comments you’ve left in other documents. These notifications are visible both in Paper itself as well as in the Dropbox desktop app that sits in your toolbar, so even if you’re not in Paper, you can see who’s pinging you. Beyond the desktop are Paper’s first apps for iOS and Android — Dropbox says that these were the number one most requested feature from beta testers. Rather than try and throw ever Paper feature into the app, though, Dropbox kept things a bit more focused here. The app brings the same notifications from your desktop to the phone, giving you a glanceable view of what people are doing in the documents that you’ve created or are otherwise working on. Naturally, you’ll get push notifications as well. I don’t know that I’d want to have those turned on, but Dropbox says having access to this info on the go was a requested feature from users. You can also respond to comment threads from a dedicated tab within the app, and there are also some basic document editing features baked in. You won’t be able to embed the many different types of content that Paper supports, but you’ll be able to make quick changes to text from your phone and also drop in images from your camera roll. The app is also smart enough to save any document you’ve marked as a favorite to the app by default, so you can work on them when you don’t have a connection. All of these changes and the apps roll out today — and with the open beta, Dropbox will truly have a chance to see how many people are interested in its latest collaboration tool. It’s a bit of a change for the company, which has typically focused on first keeping files in sync. Now, Dropbox often says its mission has evolved into “keeping teams in sync, ” and it looks at Paper as a way to do that. However, Dropbox has killed off a few other initiatives that tried to move the company beyond straight file syncing: the Mailbox email app and Carousel photo-syncing app. I asked Dropbox project manager Kavitha Radhakrishnan if users should have any concern about their Paper docs going away in a few years if the company shutters its latest project, and she said user’s shouldn’t be worried because of Paper’s explicit link to that goal of keeping teams in sync. Dropbox’s new logo for Paper. “From a strategy perspective, Paper’s right at the center [of Dropbox], ” Radhakrishnan said. “We’re looking at Paper as being a core part of the Dropbox experience, and our momentum over the last year should be a pretty strong signal about how seriously we’re taking this.” She also told me that users have created 1 million Paper documents so far. In a vacuum, that number isn’t terribly meaningful, but given the small scale of the closed beta, Dropbox certainly hopes that number will skyrocket going forward. As to how Dropbox will be successful with Paper when there are lots of options like Microsoft Office and Google Docs that do many of the same things, Radhakrishnan says Paper’s flexibility makes it the kind of tool that makes it well-suited to being used across an organization. “We’ve seen products that do creation, organization and collaboration really well, but Paper fits across all three of those pillars, ” she said. “Paper’s uniquely positioned in that it’s not just one tool that does one part of the workflow well. It brings entire teams together.” Whether a one-stop shop for creation, organization and collaboration makes more sense than distinct, focused tools remains to be seen — but with the beta now open to everyone, Dropbox should find out whether Paper has a future very soon.
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Paper, Dropbox’s answer to Google Docs, now has apps for iOS and Android
As the temperature rises, so too do flies. If you’re starting to notice them buzzing around your living room, it’s easy to trap them with fly paper you create using ingredients that are almost certainly already in your kitchen. Read more…
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Trap Pesky Flies with DIY Fly Paper
Seen any color video in your e-reader lately? Us neither, and Japan Display wants to change all that with a new reflective , paper type LCD capable of the feat that burns very little juice, to boot. To pull it off, the prototype uses a so-called light control layer, allowing it to collect rays and bounce them toward your eyes, exactly like plain old analog paper. The consortium developed a low color fidelity version with five percent NTSC coverage and a bright 40 percent reflection, along with a dimmer version carrying a third less reflectivity but a more faithful 36 percent hue gamut. The latter still needs some tweaking, according to Japan Display, but the more reflective version is now good to go for production, meaning it might start popping up in new readers imminently. For more info, check the video after the break. [Image credit: Diginfo] Continue reading Japan Display shows low-power reflective LCD that does color, video Filed under: Displays Japan Display shows low-power reflective LCD that does color, video originally appeared on Engadget on Mon, 05 Nov 2012 23:17:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds . Permalink | Diginfo | Email this | Comments
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Japan Display shows low-power reflective LCD that does color, video