vanity-fair – Page 49

University wins record $1.17 billion verdict against Marvell Semiconductor

flickr / BestBoyZ GmbH A Pittsburgh jury found that hard drive control chips made by Marvell Semiconductor infringe two patents owned by Carnegie Mellon University. Following a four-week trial in federal court, nine jurors unanimously held that Marvell should have to pay $1,169,140,271 in damages—the full sum that CMU’s lawyers had asked for. If the verdict holds up on appeal, it would wipe out more than a year of profits at Marvell, which made a bit over $900 million in 2011. It would also be the largest patent verdict in history, beating out this summer’s $1.05 billion verdict against Samsung for infringing patents and trademarks owned by Apple. The two CMU patents describe a way of reducing “noise” when reading information off hard disks. The jury found that Marvell’s chips infringed claim 4 of Patent No. 6,201,839 and claim 2 of Patent No. 6,438,180 . At trial, Marvell hotly contested that CMU had invented anything new; they argued that a Seagate patent , filed 14 months earlier, describes everything in CMU’s invention. Read 16 remaining paragraphs | Comments

More:
University wins record $1.17 billion verdict against Marvell Semiconductor

Earthworm guts become factory for nanoparticles

Enlarge / Meet the latest quantum dot assembly factory. Colorado State Quantum dots are nanoscale-sized pieces of semiconductor. Their small size ensures that quantum effects, like the Pauli exclusion principle, influence the behavior of electrons within them. This gives the dots properties that a bulk material with the same composition lacks, and it makes them appealing candidates for things like tiny lasers, photovoltaic materials, and LEDs. Another area where they’ve shown promise is medical imaging. In terms of absorbing and emitting light, quantum dots behave much like the fluorescent molecules we can use to label cells of interest. But, since their fluorescent properties depend on the shape of the particles rather than the chemical structure of a molecule, they are much less prone to undergoing reactions that destroy their fluorescence. The problem is that most semiconductors aren’t especially biocompatible, meaning additional chemical reactions need to be performed before the dots can attach to or enter cells. Some researchers have started to look towards making the dots in biological systems, figuring that the output would necessarily be biocompatible. After some successes with bacteria and yeast, they’ve moved on to a larger target: the earthworm. And it appears to work very well. Read 6 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Read the original:
Earthworm guts become factory for nanoparticles

“Neuristor”: Memristors used to create a neuron-like behavior

A cartoon showing spikes of activity traveling among neurons. UC Berkeley Computing hardware is composed of a series of binary switches; they’re either on or off. The other piece of computational hardware we’re familiar with, the brain, doesn’t work anything like that. Rather than being on or off, individual neurons exhibit brief spikes of activity, and encode information in the pattern and timing of these spikes. The differences between the two have made it difficult to model neurons using computer hardware. In fact, the recent, successful generation of a flexible neural system required that each neuron be modeled separately in software in order to get the sort of spiking behavior real neurons display. But researchers may have figured out a way to create a chip that spikes. The people at HP labs who have been working on memristors have figured out a combination of memristors and capacitors that can create a spiking output pattern. Although these spikes appear to be more regular than the ones produced by actual neurons, it might be possible to create versions that are a bit more variable than this one. And, more significantly, it should be possible to fabricate them in large numbers, possibly right on a silicon chip. The key to making the devices is something called a Mott insulator. These are materials that would normally be able to conduct electricity, but are unable to because of interactions among their electrons. Critically, these interactions weaken with elevated temperatures. So, by heating a Mott insulator, it’s possible to turn it into a conductor. In the case of the material used here, NbO 2 , the heat is supplied by resistance itself. By applying a voltage to the NbO 2 in the device, it becomes a resistor, heats up, and, when it reaches a critical temperature, turns into a conductor, allowing current to flow through. But, given the chance to cool off, the device will return to its resistive state. Formally, this behavior is described as a memristor. Read 4 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Steam for Linux beta now open to the public

Good news for those who didn’t score an invite to the first round of Valve’s closed beta of Steam for Linux . The service is now available to anyone running Linux the latest build of Ubuntu (still no word on when the service is coming to other distros) (seems it runs on multiple different Linux builds now. Apologies). The new, wider release comes with a handy installer package , but those who are already in the closed beta can just upgrade to the latest version within Steam. Valve has also opened up a new Github repository to organize bug tracking for beta testers. That’s what you Linux people like to do, right? Find and catalog bugs? Since the closed beta launch in early November, Steam has expanded its selection of available Linux games from 24 to 39, a list still dominated by indie games. However, THQ president Jason Rubin recently tweeted that the struggling publisher was “evaluating cost/benefit” of Linux development, based on fan feedback in the wake of the company’s successful Humble Bundle experiment . Read on Ars Technica | Comments

Read this article:
Steam for Linux beta now open to the public

Anonymous sets sights on an old enemy—the Westboro Baptist Church

That link? It leads to a survey entitled, “Interactive Butthurt Report v. 2.0.” Nothing is beneath the Westboro Baptist Church, as evidenced by the group’s announcement to picket outside Sandy Hook Elementary School in wake of the recent tragedy. The group’s most recent, perhaps most deplorable decision has apparently irked one of its oldest enemies : infamous hacker collective Anonymous. In response to the WBC’s plans early today, Anonymous tweeted , “It’s so nice of #WBC to provide the internet with a list of their twitter handles…” Roughly one hour later, they revealed their plans for the WBC : “#WBC GodHatesFags Site Admin gets #DOX’d via: Anonymous.” DOX, of course, refers to the work Anonymous did to find and publish a list of WBC members complete with e-mails, phone numbers, and even home addresses—all for the adoring public to access. In addition to the DOXing, Anonymous has repeatedly promoted a whitehouse.org petition to have the WBC recognized legally as a hate-group . The petition was created on Friday and it has already doubled the required 25,000 signatures. Read 1 remaining paragraphs | Comments

How to bring down mission-critical GPS networks with $2,500

Enlarge / The phase-coherent signal synthesizer with its top cover removed. The $2,500 device can be used to severely disrupt mission-critical GPS equipment used by the military and private industry. Nighswander et al. Scientists have devised a series of novel and inexpensive attacks that can severely disrupt mission-critical global positioning systems relied on by the military and a variety of industrial players, including airlines, mining companies, and operators of hydroelectric plants and other critical infrastructure. Unlike previous GPS attacks, the one developed by a team of scientists from Carnegie Mellon University and a private navigation company exploits software bugs in the underlying receivers. That allows the attacks to be stealthier and more persistent than earlier exploits, which primarily relied on signal jamming and spoofing. Prototype hardware that cost only $2,500 to build is able to cause a wide variety of GPS devices within a 30 mile radius to malfunction. Because many of those devices are nodes on special networks that make GPS signals more precise, the attacks have the effect of disrupting larger systems used in aviation, military, and critical infrastructure. The PCSS, or phase-coherent signal synthesizer, that they developed simultaneously receives and transmits civil GPS signals. It carries out many of the same things done by spoofers used in earlier GPS attacks. But instead of merely providing false information designed to compromise the accuracy of the GPS readings, it includes data that exploits weaknesses in the firmware of nearby receivers, many of which use the Internet to share their readings with other machines. The success of the PCSS is the result of an almost complete lack of authentication in the devices that send and receive GPS signals. Read 11 remaining paragraphs | Comments

View article:
How to bring down mission-critical GPS networks with $2,500

Seattle announces its own gigabit Internet service

This map only shows some parts of the city that Seattle Gigabit aims to serve. Gigabit Seattle One day after Google’s executive chairman, Eric Schmidt, proclaimed Google Fiber was ” not an experiment ,” the Emerald City decided that it too wants in on some of that sweet gigabit speed . On Thursday, Seattle Mayor Mike McGinn announced the city reached an agreement with Gigabit Squared and the University of Washington to bring 1 Gbps connections, taking advantage of the city’s own underused fiber. Seattle abandoned its plan for a municipal network last summer. A connected city wireless network, which would obviously be slower, is also in the works. “The plan will begin with a demonstration fiber project in twelve Seattle neighborhoods and includes wireless methods to deploy services more quickly to other areas,” the city wrote in an online statement . Read 5 remaining paragraphs | Comments

View original post here:
Seattle announces its own gigabit Internet service

Sprint offers $2.1 billion to acquire the rest of Clearwire

As most observers expected , Sprint has finally made a formal offer to acquire the rest of Clearwire. On Thursday, Sprint said it would pay $2.1 billion for the remaining 49.7 percent of Clearwire that it does not currently control. As we reported yesterday , the move is widely seen as a play for Sprint to acquire Clearwire’s valuable 2.5 GHz spectrum, which it would use to offer LTE and strengthen its position against Verizon and AT&T. The bid works out to $2.90 per share—higher than the company’s closing price on Wednesday—but analysts say the offer may not be good enough. Read 2 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Continue Reading:
Sprint offers $2.1 billion to acquire the rest of Clearwire

FreedomPop launches free home wireless to compete with low-end DSL

FreedomPop’s new Hub Burst will begin shipping in January 2013. FreedomPop Just over three months after launching its free portable hotspot , FreedomPop now says its ready for the second phase of its expansion plan—a free home wireless connection. Like its portable device, which requires an $89 deposit to get 500MB of free mobile data over WiMAX, this new device (also with an $89 deposit) will offer 1GB of free data in nearly all of the 80 largest urban markets across the United States. “You’ll get speeds of 9 to 12Mbps when it’s fully optimized,” FreedomPop’s CEO Stephen Stokols told Ars, saying that it would be comparable to DSL. Read 13 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Why Gmail went down: Google misconfigured load balancing servers

Portions of the Internet panicked yesterday when Gmail was hit by an outage that lasted for an agonizing 18 minutes . The outage coincided with reports of Google’s Chrome browser crashing. It turns out the culprit was a faulty load balancing change that affected products including Chrome’s sync service, which allows users to sync bookmarks and other browser settings across multiple computers and mobile devices. Ultimately, it was human error. Google engineer Tim Steele explained the problem’s origins in a developer forum : Chrome Sync Server relies on a backend infrastructure component to enforce quotas on per-datatype sync traffic. That quota service experienced traffic problems today due to a faulty load balancing configuration change. That change was to a core piece of infrastructure that many services at Google depend on. This means other services may have been affected at the same time, leading to the confounding original title of this bug [which referred to Gmail]. Because of the quota service failure, Chrome Sync Servers reacted too conservatively by telling clients to throttle “all” data types, without accounting for the fact that not all client versions support all data types. The crash is due to faulty logic responsible for handling “throttled” data types on the client when the data types are unrecognized. If the Chrome sync service had gone down entirely, the Chrome browser crashes would not have occurred, it turns out. “In fact this crash would *not* happen if the sync server itself was unreachable,” Steele wrote. “It’s due to a backend service that sync servers depend on becoming overwhelmed, and sync servers responding to that by telling all clients to throttle all data types (including data types that the client may not understand yet).” Read 4 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Ken May

Tag: vanity-fair