You’re An Adult, But Your Brain Might Not Be, Researchers Say

“The human brain reaches its adult volume by age 10, but the neurons that make it up continue to change for years after that, ” reports the New York Times, citing a new paper by neuroscience researchers that questions when “adulthood” really begins. An anonymous reader writes: One of the paper’s authors — an associate psychology professor at Harvard — tells CNN that “There is no agreed-on benchmark that, when reached, would allow a neuroscientist to say ‘Aha! This brain is fully developed’. However, it is safe to say that by almost any metric, the brain is continuing to develop actively well past the age of 18…” “Some children, researchers have found, have neural networks that look as if they belong to an adult…” adds the Times, noting that adolescents also “do about as well as adults on cognition tests, for instance. But if they’re feeling strong emotions, those scores can plummet. The problem seems to be that teenagers have not yet developed a strong brain system that keeps emotions under control.” And this cuts both ways, according to a psychologist at Temple University who wants the voting age lowered to 16. (“Sixteen-year-olds are just as good at logical reasoning as older people are, ” he tells the Times) But he also believes judges should consider the lack of emotional control when sentencing defendants — even if they’re in their early 20s. “Most crime situations that young people are involved in are emotionally arousing situations — they’re scared, or they’re angry, intoxicated or whatever.” Read more of this story at Slashdot.

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You’re An Adult, But Your Brain Might Not Be, Researchers Say

Ultrafast lasers capture elusive photosynthesis reactions

Using ultra-rapid lasers, researchers have created the first “movie” of photosynthesis chemical reactions that shows exactly how fast they happen. The finding proves that a key process that strips electrons from water, starting the conversion of solar into chemical energy, happens more quickly than previously thought. “We can now see how nature has optimized the physics of converting light energy to fuel, ” says study author Jasper van Thor. The work could help scientists improve artificial photosynthesis to produce biofuels more efficiently. The researchers from Imperial College London wanted to find out exactly how fast the so-called Photosystem II enzyme reaction works. That process, which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen, was thought to be the bottleneck, or slowest part of photosynthesis. In contrast, the first part of photosynthesis, where light is harvested by an “antenna complex” of proteins and clorophyll molecules, was thought to be faster. Can we mimic it or tune it to make artificial photosynthesis more efficient? These questions, and many others, can now be explored. Slow and fast are relative terms here, because the process actually happens in picoseconds, or trillionths of a second. To measure it more precisely, scientists first created crystals of the Photosystem II enzyme, then zapped them with a sophisticated laser system. The process, which was developed in collaboration with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, is described in an earlier paper . Using infrared spectroscopy, the team was able to measure electron movements across tiny parts of the system to see when energy was transferred. Their measurements proved that the water-splitting process happens more quickly than the antenna complex light harvesting, a result that upends decades of teachings. “We can now show that what I was lectured as an undergraduate in the 1990s is no longer supported, ” van Thor says. Furthermore, the team has essentially created a movie of key parts of the photosynthesis process, which lasts just a few nanoseconds (billionths of a second). This lets scientists understand what the molecule is doing in very small time slices during the process, helping them better understand and even improve it. “Can we mimic it or tune it to make artificial photosynthesis more efficient? These questions, and many others, can now be explored, ” says van Thor. Via: Imperial College London Source: Nature

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Ultrafast lasers capture elusive photosynthesis reactions

Set Up a Raspberry Pi as a Live Streaming Camera That Broadcasts to YouTube

If you’ve ever wanted to live stream to YouTube but didn’t want to spend much money to do so, MakeUseOf has a guide for setting up a Raspberry Pi as a live streaming device that’ll broadcast automatically. Read more…

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Set Up a Raspberry Pi as a Live Streaming Camera That Broadcasts to YouTube

Russian Military Jet Carrying Choir Crashes, No Survivors

A Russian military jet that was en route to Syria disappeared from radar on Sunday. Russian authorities say that it crashed into the Black Sea. Reportedly , all 92 people on board were killed, including at least 60 members of the Red Army Choir. Read more…

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Russian Military Jet Carrying Choir Crashes, No Survivors

FreeDOS 1.2 Is Finally Released

Very long-time Slashdot reader Jim Hall — part of GNOME’s board of directors — has a Christmas gift. Since 1994 he’s been overseeing an open source project that maintains a replacement for the MS-DOS operating system, and has just announced the release of the “updated, more modern” FreeDOS 1.2! [Y]ou’ll find a few nice surprises. FreeDOS 1.2 now makes it easier to connect to a network. And you can find more tools and games, and a few graphical desktop options including OpenGEM. But the first thing you’ll probably notice is the all-new new installer that makes it much easier to install FreeDOS. And after you install FreeDOS, try the FDIMPLES program to install new programs or to remove any you don’t want. Official announcement also available at the FreeDOS Project blog. FreeDOS also lets you play classic DOS games like Doom, Wolfenstein 3D, Duke Nukem, and Jill of the Jungle — and today marks a very special occasion, since it’s been almost five years since the release of FreeDos 1.1. “If you’ve followed FreeDOS, you know that we don’t have a very fast release cycle, ” Jim writes on his blog. “We just don’t need to; DOS isn’t exactly a moving target anymore…” Read more of this story at Slashdot.

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FreeDOS 1.2 Is Finally Released

‘Star Citizen’ switches to Amazon’s game engine

Star Citizen is still far from being ready , but it now has a more solid underpinning. Cloud Imperium has revealed that it has switched both Star Citizen and Squadron 42 from Crytek’s CryEngine to Amazon’s Lumberyard engine as of Star Citizen ‘s just-launched Alpha 2.6 release. It was an “easy and smooth transition” due to Lumberyard’s CryEngine roots, but both secures the “long term future” of the games and promises some distinct advantages. It taps directly into the cloud through Amazon Web Services, for instance, and makes Twitch streaming easy. The studio has already been collaborating with Amazon for “over a year, ” so this isn’t a panicked response to Crytek’s financial woes . The timing is more than a little convenient, mind you. It gives Cloud Imperium more of a safety net if Crytek ever has to stop its own development — it won’t have to switch engines while it’s in panic mode. It’s easy to imagine frustration from backers at the thought that the Amazon switch might delay Star Citizen even longer, but that might be better than risking the entire project. As it stands, Alpha 2.6 is a big step forward: it’s the first release with Star Marine , the game’s first-person shooter component. You now have two competitive multiplayer modes (everyone-for-themselves and a Battlefield -style capture-and-hold mode) for those times when you just want to fight friends instead of exploring the cosmos. Numerous other parts of Star Citizen have received some polish, too, such as first-person animations and third-person cameras. Although this is still no substitute for a finished game, it at least shows that Cloud Imperium is getting a handle on some of the many, many features it has been promising over the years. Via: Polygon Source: Roberts Space Industries (1) , (2)

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‘Star Citizen’ switches to Amazon’s game engine

This battery is powered by bacteria

 Researchers at Binghamton University in New York have created a “bacteria-powered battery on a single sheet of paper.” The project is aimed at creating batteries for disposable microelectronics that can run for weeks using a little bacteria-rich liquid. “The manufacturing technique reduces fabrication time and cost, and the design could revolutionize the use of bio-batteries as… Read More

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This battery is powered by bacteria

Build Your Own Fancy Glowing USB Volume Knob

We’ve seen little DIY volume knobs before , and they’re a handy way to add means to finely adjust the volume on your computer. Instructables user Trochilidesign’s made their own, and it’s pretty futuristic looking. Read more…

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Build Your Own Fancy Glowing USB Volume Knob

IBM On Track To Get More Than 7,000 US Patents In 2016

IBM wants to put the patent war in perspective. Big Blue said that it is poised to get the most U.S. patents of any tech company for the 24th year in a row. From a report on VentureBeat: In 2015, IBM received more than 7, 355 patents, down slightly from 7, 534 in 2014. A spokesperson for IBM said the company is on track to receive well over 7, 000 patents in 2016. In 2016, IBM is also hitting another interesting milestone, with more than 1, 000 patents for artificial intelligence and cognitive computing. IBM has been at it for more than a century, and it is seeking patents in key strategic areas — such as AI and cognitive computing. In fact, one-third of IBM’s researchers are dedicated to cognitive computing. IBM CEO Ginni Rometty said during the World of Watson conference in October that the company expects to reach more than 1 billion consumers via Watson by the end of 2017. (Watson is the supercomputer that beat the world’s best Jeopardy player in 2011.) Read more of this story at Slashdot.

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IBM On Track To Get More Than 7,000 US Patents In 2016

Ebola Vaccine Gives 100 Percent Protection, Could Be Readily Available By 2018

According to a study published in the Lancet medical journal on Thursday, an experimental vaccine against the Ebola virus was found to be 100 percent effective. The results offer hope of better protection against the disease that ravaged West Africa in 2014, killing more than 11, 000 people. From a report on BBC: A highly effective vaccine that guards against the deadly Ebola virus could be available by 2018, says the World Health Organization. Trials conducted in Guinea, one of the West African countries most affected by an outbreak of Ebola that ended this year, show it offers 100% protection. The vaccine is now being fast-tracked for regulatory approval. Manufacturer Merck has made 300, 000 doses of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine available for use should Ebola strike. GAVI, the global vaccine alliance, provided $5m for the stockpile. Results, published in The Lancet medical journal, show of nearly 6, 000 people receiving the vaccine, all were free of the virus 10 days later. In a group of the same size not vaccinated, 23 later developed Ebola. Only one person who was vaccinated had a serious side effect that the researchers think was caused by the jab. Read more of this story at Slashdot.

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Ebola Vaccine Gives 100 Percent Protection, Could Be Readily Available By 2018